Intraocular pressure distribution and reference interval of high-altitude eye health screening population from Xining, Qinghai / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective:To investigate the distribution of intraocular pressure (IOP) in high-altitude population aged 18 years and over in Xining, Qinghai and establish the reference interval (RI) of IOP.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in Xining, Qinghai Province at 2.271 km above sea level from September 2019 to May 2020.Ophthalmic examinations and IOP measurement were conducted among subjects from Physical Examination Center of Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital.The subjects who had been living in Xining without leaving for three months were enrolled.Ophthalmic examinations included vision examination, IOP measurement, slit-lamp microscopy, fundus photography, anterior and posterior segment optical coherence tomography.IOP was measured using Goldmann applanation tonometry under local anesthesia.Subjects with factors that could cause significant changes in IOP and affect the accuracy of IOP measurement, and those who were unable to receive IOP measurement were excluded.Subjects were grouped according to sex, age and ethnicity, and the distribution and RI of IOP were compared among all groups.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University (No.TRECKY2017-024). Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Results:A total of 6 120 subjects (6 120 eyes) aged 18-90 years old were enrolled, including 2 850 males and 3 270 females with average age of (45.54±13.85) years.The average IOP of high-altitude population in Xining, Qinghai Province was (14.32±1.93) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), with the RI of 10.54-18.10 mmHg.The average IOP was (14.42±1.98) mmHg in male with the RI of 10.54-18.30 mmHg, (14.23±1.88) mmHg in female with the RI of 10.55-17.91 mmHg.The IOP of male was higher than that of female ( t=3.71, P<0.001). The IOP of Han, Tibetan, Hui and other nationalities were (14.38±1.91), (13.93±2.06), (14.21±1.87), (13.94±1.95) mmHg, respectively, with a statistically significant overall difference ( F=6.73, P<0.001). The IOP of Han nationality was significantly higher than that of Tibetan, Hui and other nationalities, and the differences were statistically significant (all at P<0.05). Conclusions:RI of IOP in high-altitude population from Xining, Qinghai is lower compared with normal altitude area.

Necessity and methodological progress on the establishment of continuous reference intervals for pediatric age-dependent indicators / 中华检验医学杂志

Accurate and applicable reference intervals can provide important information for disease diagnosis, efficacy evaluation, and health monitoring. Age-dependent trends exist for many clinical laboratory indicators, and the interpretation of such indicators should consider the effect of age carefully. However, age-specific reference intervals have certain limitations in clinical application. Continuous reference intervals can not only help accurate interpretation of laboratory test results, but also provide a baseline value for dynamic monitoring of their changing trends. Based on the researches on pediatric reference intervals from our team, this paper introduces different algorithms for establishing continuous reference intervals, and their applicable conditions and implementation steps. The aim of this paper is to provide methodological guidance for the establishment of continuous reference intervals, so as to improve the quality of laboratory reports and the accuracy of clinical diagnosis in China.

Results of Determination of Mean Values and Reference Intervals for Some Vitamins / Монголын Анагаах Ухаан

Background@#Vitamins are nutrients essential for human health. They act as coenzymes that help trigger important chemical reactions necessary for energy production. Reference values for vitamins help physicians evaluate the health status of patients and make clinical decisions. The aim of this study was to determine the mean values and reference intervals for some water-soluble vitamins of Mongolian adults.@*Materials and Methods@#Three hundred and forty healthy adults (170 males and 170 females) of 17 to 69 years of age were selected for the study based on CLSI C28-P3 criteria Defining, establishing & Verifying reference interval in the clinical laboratory; Proposed Guidelines. The study was approved by the Resolution No.76 of 2018 of the Medical Ethics Review Committee of the Ministry of Health. Informed consents were taken from the selected individuals. Morning blood samples of the participants were collected under aseptic conditions. Levels of vitamins B₆, B₉, B₁₂ and vitamin C were measured using a high performance liquid chromatography method. The lower- and upper reference limits were defined as the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles, respectively. The data were analyzed using SPSS and Excel programs.@*Results@#The mean blood level of vitamin C was 11.88 mg/L (95% CI 10.47-13.29) for men and 9.62 mg/L (95% CI 8.11-11.13) for women. The calculated reference interval for males was 1.40-19.40 mg/L and 1.17-18.04 mg/L for females. The mean concentration of vitamin B₁₂ in the blood of males was 938.45 ng/L (95% CI 747.22-1129.68) and that of females was 864.03 ng/L (95% CI 603.81-1124.25). The reference interval for vitamin B₁₂ was 233.03-1597.00 ng/L in men and 132.45-1623.86 ng/L in women. The mean level of vitamin B₉ was 8.47 ng/mL (95% CI 5.64-11.30) for men and 6.91 ng/mL (95% CI 4.89-8.93) for women. The calculated reference interval for this vitamin in males was 1.04-24.74 ng/mL and that in females was 1.04-21.46 ng/mL. As for vitamin B₆, the mean concentration for men was 44.42 ng/mL (95% CI 37.01-51.83) and for women was 34.67 ng/mL (95% CI 29.97-39.39) with the reference intervals of 5.90-79.02 ng/mL for men and 5.27-61.72 ng/mL for women. @*Conclusion@#The reference values for vitamins B₆, B₉, B₁₂ and vitamin C of Mongolian adults do not differ significantly from those observed in other populations. The calculated reference intervals can be used in the practice of health laboratories.

Establishment of Thromboelastography reference interval for healthy adults in Hainan / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To establish the reference interval of Thromboelastography(TEG)of healthy adult in Hainan, compare with the interval provided by the manufacturers, and analyze the influencing factors. 【Methods】 A total of 308 healthy adult volunteers were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The TEG was analyzed based on adequate quality control, and the reference interval of each parameter was calculated with 95% CI. 【Results】 The reference interval of these volunteers were R 4.27~9.20 min, K 1.60~3.83 min, Angle 44.22°~67.78°, MA 47.82~64.17 mm, CI -5.63~1.12 and G 4.58~9.03. 14.94% (46/308) of these volunteers had at least one index exceeded the reference interval provided by manufacturers. A total of 74 healthy volunteers were diagnosed with coagulation disorder, with the specificity at 79.22%. Significant differences of R, K, Angle, MA, CI, G were observed between males and females (P<0.05). Hypercoagulability was not associated with the age. 【Conclusion】 This study established a reference interval of TEG of healthy adults in Hainan, which provided reference for related clinical and basic science study.

Establishment and validation of reference interval of D-dimer in plasma of healthy pregnant women in Xi ′an / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective:To provide normal reference thresholds for clinical dynamic monitoring of the risk of microthrombus during pregnancy, we aimed to establish reference intervals of D-dimer in healthy pregnant women during different periods of gestation in Xi′an.Method:From December 2020 to March 2022, a total of 1502 healthy pregnant women and healthy non-pregnant women (healthy non-pregnant control group) who received routine prenatal examination in Northwest Women and Children′s Hospital were recruited in the study by questionnaire, including 1236 healthy pregnant women and 266 healthy non-pregnant control group. Plasma D-dimer concentration was detected by STA-R Evolution automatic blood coagulation analyzer and the concentration levels of D-dimer in different pregnancies and age groups were calculated using Graph Prism 9.0 software. In addition, 20 samples were collected in each pregnancy to verify the established reference interval.Results:There was no significant difference in plasma D-dimer levels between<30 years old and ≥30 years old at different gestational weeks. Plasma D-dimer level in healthy pregnant women group was significantly higher than that in healthy non-pregnant women group of the same age (P<0.05). With the increase of gestational week, plasma D-dimer level in pregnant women increased significantly, and plasma D-dimer level at different gestational weeks ≤13 weeks, 13+ 1-20 weeks, 20+ 1-27 weeks, 27+ 1-35 weeks, ≥35 +1 week were 0.33 (0.26, 0.47) μg/ml, 0.41 (0.30, 0.51) μg/ml, 0.71 (0.48, 0.94) μg/ml, 0.91 (0.70, 1.27) μg/ml, 1.30 (0.96, 1.72) μg/mlrespectively. Unilateral reference interval acuities were≤0.89 μg/ml, ≤1.53 μg/ml, ≤2.44 μg/ml, ≤2.74 μg/ml, ≤3.82 μg/ml respectively. The reference range established in this study was verified by 20 independent samples from each of the 5 gestational age groups, and the results were acceptable. Conclusion:This study preliminarily established the reference interval of plasma D-dimer in healthy pregnant women at different gestational weeks in Xi ′an area, which is helpful for the auxiliary diagnosis of thrombotic diseases during pregnancy.

Physiological and hematological parameters of sheep reared in the tropics and subtropics / [Parâmetros fisiológicos e hematológicos de ovinos criados nos trópicos e nos subtrópicos]

This study aimed to determine the physiological and hematological parameters of sheep in Brazil. Therefore, 5,081 observations were used from previous experiments with animals from different Brazilian regions with the time of day, gender, breed, age, physiological characteristics, hematological and climatic variables. The animals were classified according to their stress level, and only data of non-stressed animals were used to calculate the reference values. Respiratory rate was the parameter that most differed from the normal range, with values ​​above the limits usually reported for the species, being higher in commercial wool sheep. For hematological variables, differences were observed between the present results and the previously reported values in the literature. A higher number of red blood cells (RBC), lower hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were observed in young animals. A higher number of RBC and MCHC were noted in sheep crossed with local breeds. Considering that physiological and hematological parameters are indicators of the animal's pathological or physiological state, for a correct interpretation of the results, the use of reference values based on animals with similar racial characteristics and subjected to similar environmental conditions is recommended.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar parâmetros fisiológicos e hematológicos de ovinos no Brasil. Portanto, foram utilizadas 5.081 observações de experimentos anteriores com animais de diversas regiões do Brasil, com diferentes horário, sexo, raça, idade, características fisiológicas, variáveis ​​hematológicas e climáticas. Os animais foram classificados de acordo com o nível de estresse, e apenas os dados dos animais não estressados ​​foram utilizados para o cálculo dos valores de referência. A frequência respiratória foi o parâmetro que mais diferiu em relação à normalidade, com valores acima dos limites usualmente relatados para a espécie, sendo maior em ovinos de lã comercial. Para as variáveis ​​hematológicas, também foram verificadas diferenças entre os resultados observados e os valores previamente relatados na literatura. Maior número de hemácias, menor hemoglobina e concentração de hemoglobina corpuscular média (CHbCM) foram observados em animais jovens e maior número de hemácias e CHbCM em ovinos cruzados com raças locais. Considerando que os parâmetros fisiológicos e hematológicos são indicadores do estado patológico ou fisiológico do animal, para uma correta interpretação dos resultados recomenda-se a utilização de valores de referência baseados em animais com características raciais semelhantes e submetidos a condições ambientais também semelhantes.(AU)

Characteristics and reference interval of bile acid profile of healthy pregnant women in second and third trimesters of pregnancy in Zhejiang Province / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the changes and to establish a reference interval of bile acid profile of healthy pregnant women in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy in our hospital.Methods:A total of 298 healthy singleton pregnant women who underwent prenatal examination in the Department of Obstetrics of Zhejiang Provincial People′s Hospital from July 2019 to August 2020 were enrolled in this study. The overnight fasting serum samples were collected from all subjects during their second and third trimesters of pregnancy. The concentrations of 15 bile acids(cholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid, lithocholic acid and their glycine-and taurine-conjugated types)were analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The characteristics of changes were analyzed and the reference intervals were determined for the second and third trimesters. The concentrations of 15 bile acids and total bile acids were skewed-distributed, and 99 percentiles (P 99) were used to represent the unilateral upper limit of the reference interval. Results:There was significant difference in the serum levels of glycine cholic acid (GCA), taurocholic acid (TCA), glycine ursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA) and lithocholic acid (LCA) between the second and third trimesters healthy pregnant females ( P<0.05). For other 11 bile acids, there was no significant difference. The levels of total bile acids, primary or secondary bile acids, free or conjugated bile acids (glycine-bound and taurine-bound bile acids) were stable with gestation. Conclusion:Primary, secondary or free, and conjugated bile acids in healthy pregnant women remained stable at T 2 and T 3, with significant differences in only a few subtypes of bile acids. While the correlation between glycine-bound and taurine-bound bile acids showed a weakening trend at T 3 ( P<0.05). It is necessary to establish reference intervals of bile acids for healthy pregnant women in this area. This study provided data support for future research on related diseases during pregnancy.

Establishment of reference intervals for thyroid stimulating hormone measurement by big data and indirect method in adults / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective:To establish the sex-, age-and season-specific (month) reference intervals (RI) for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) measurement by big data and indirect method in adults.Methods:TSH data of anonymous patients were collected from Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University in 2016, the data were selected and outliers were removed. Indirect methods (Hoffmann method and Bhattacharya method) were used to calculate TSH reference intervals of whole population, different genders, ages and seasons (months). TSH RI from two indirect methods of total population, selected population, physical examination population was compared with RI from reagent instruction according to reference change value ( RCV) based on biological variability. Results:A total of 61 599 records were obtained from 90 699 records including 18 776 males and 42 823 females. The TSH RI were obtained by Hoffmann method: the whole population, 0.59-5.59 μIU/ml (1 μIU/ml=1 mIU/L), male, 0.53-5.16 μIU/ml, female, 0.59-6.11 μIU/ml. The upper limits of TSH RI were higher with age and in winter (January): 18-30 years old, 0.62-5.57 μIU/ml, 71-80 years old, 0.49-6.45 μIU/ml; January, 0.59-6.40 μIU/ml, August, 0.60-5.56 μIU/ml; The RI of TSH by Bhattacharya method: the whole population, 0.58-5.80 μIU/ml, male, 0.55-5.02 μIU/ml, female, 0.62-6.21 μIU/ml. The upper limits of TSH RI were also higher with age and in winter (January): 18-30 years old, 0.65-5.67 μIU/ml, 71-80 years old, 0.46-5.99 μIU/ml, January: 0.61-6.52 μIU/ml, August: 0.61-5.69 μIU/ml. Compared to RI from reagent instruction, the differences of TSH RI from two indirect methods of total population, selected population, physical examination population were acceptable.Conclusions:TSH RI was established by indirect method. With the increase of age and winter, the upper limit of TSH reference interval tends to increase.

Changes of serum immunoglobulin level in healthy pregnant women and establishment of its reference interval / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVES@#Pregnant women in a special physiological period, the body's blood indicators will change to a certain extent. This study aims to explore the changes of serum immunoglobulin levels in healthy pregnant women and establish its reference interval (RI).@*METHODS@#A total of 369 healthy pregnant women, who underwent pregnancy examination in the Department of Obstetrics, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from August 2019 to October 2019, were enrolled for this study. They were divided into an early pregnancy group, a middle pregnancy group, and a late pregnancy group according to the pregnancy period, and 123 healthy non-pregnant women were selected as the controls. The levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), and immunoglobulin A (IgA) were determined by immune transmission turbidities. The level of immunoglobulin E (IgE) was determined by electrochemiluminescence. The differences in immunoglobulin levels between pregnant women and non-pregnant women and among different gestational periods were analyzed, and the RI of serum immunoglobulin level during pregnancy was established.@*RESULTS@#Compared to the non-pregnant women, the levels of serum IgG, IgM, IgA, and IgE in pregnant women were significantly decreased (all @*CONCLUSIONS@#The levels of immunoglobulin in pregnant women are decreased significantly. The establishment of RIs of IgG, IgM, IgA and IgE in healthy pregnant women could provide scientific basis for clinical decision-making.

Analysis of Cut Off Value or Reference Interval of / 中国医疗器械杂志

The cut off value or reference interval is significant in clinical testing and diagnosis. If there is no scientific and reasonable cut off value or reference interval for

Relationship between Reference Interval Establishment and Clinical Evaluation in Quantitative / 中国医疗器械杂志

Reference interval study and clinical evaluation are crucial supportive researches to demonstrate the intended use of quantitative

Establishment of reference interval for thyroid-stimulating hormone using electrochemiluminescence assay in a healthy adult population from Fortaleza, Brazil

ABSTRACT Objective This study aimed to determine the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) reference interval (RI) and to assess the influence of the use of thyroid ultrasonography (TUS) on reference individual selection from a healthy adult population in Fortaleza, Brazil. Subjects and methods This cross-sectional study recruited patients (N = 272; age = 18-50 years) with normal thyroid function (NTF) and placed them in three groups according to their test results: NTF (n = 272; all participants), TUS (n = 170; participants who underwent thyroid US), RI (n = 124; reference individuals with normal TSH levels). TSH, FT4, TT3, TgAb, and TPOAb concentrations were determined by electrochemiluminescence assay. TUS was performed using a 7-12 MHz multifrequency linear transducer by two radiologists. The 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles of the distribution curve corresponded to lower and upper TSH RI levels, respectively. Results The mean TSH level was 1.74 ± 0.96 mIU/L, and TSH range was 0.56-4.45 mIU/L. There was no difference in the TSH concentrations between men and women nor between the groups. TUS did not appear to be an essential tool for the reference group selection. Conclusion The upper limit of TSH was comparable to the reference interval provided by the assay manufacturer (4.45 vs. 4.20 mIU/L) but the lower limit was not (0.56 vs. 0.27 mIU/L). This finding may have a clinical impact since these values may lead to the misdiagnosis of euthyroid patients with subclinical hyperthyroidism.

Establishing reference intervals of thyroid hormone based on a laboratory information system / 中华内科杂志

Objective@#To establish reference intervals (RIs) of thyroid hormone based on data from healthy subjects in laboratory information system (LIS) by indirect methods.@*Methods@#Data were selected from the physical examination center in LIS of the First Hospital of Jilin University from May 2014 to December 2018. The normal distribution of the original data was checked by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Skewed data were transformed into normal distribution using BOX-COX techniques, and outliers were identified by the Turkey method. The continuous percentile curve was established by coefficient of skewness-median-coefficient of variation(LMS) methods. Cut-off value of age was determined by decision trees, and the differences between groups were verified by Z-tests. P2.5 and P97.5 in the RIs were analyzed by non-parametric methods.@*Results@#A total of 45 742 subjects were included in the study. There were no differences in the RI for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) among age groups or between men and women (Z<Z*), and the RI was 0.60-4.41mIU/L (20-79 years old). However, the levels of free triiodothyronine(FT3) decreased with age in males and females under 35-year-old. The RIs for FT3 were 4.47-6.44pmol/L (20-44 years old), 4.19-6.21pmol/L (45-64 years old) and 3.90-5.85pmol/L (65-79 years old) in males, and 4.04-6.13pmol/L (20-34 years old) and 3.87-5.76pmol/L (35-79 years old) in females, respectively. The levels of free thyroxine(FT4) in men were higher than those in women from 20 to 49 years old, and no gender and age differences could be viewed in subjects after 50 years old (Z<Z*). The RIs for FT4 were 13.69-21.76pmol/L (male, 20-49 years old), 12.99-20.83pmol/L (female, 20-49 years old) and 12.98-21.21pmol/L (50~79 years old).@*Conclusion@#Establishment of RIs of thyroid hormone based on the data from LIS is simple and reliable, which is suitable for clinical laboratory application.

Mean Values and Reference Intervals for Some Minerals / Эрүүл мэндийн лаборатори

Background@#Minerals are important for the proper body functioning. They also play a role in preventing and fighting diseases. Reference values for minerals help physicians evaluate the mineral status of patients and make clinical decisions. The aim of this study was to determine the mean values and reference intervals for some minerals to be used for evaluation of the nutrition status of Mongolians.@*Materials and Methods@#Two hundred and forty healthy adults (120 males and 120 females) of 17 to 70 years of age were selected for the study based on CLSI C28-P3 criteria Defining, establishing & Verifying reference interval in the clinical laboratory; Proposed Guidelines. The study was approved by the ethical committee of the Ministry of Health of Mongolia. Informed consents were taken from the selected individuals. Morning blood samples of the participants were collected under aseptic conditions. Levels of iron (Fe), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) were measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The lower and upper reference limits were defined as the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles, respectively. The data were analyzed using SPSS and Excel programs. @*Results@#The mean level of blood iron was 30.50 µmol/L (95% CI 29.71-31.29) for men and 30.91 µmol/L (95% CI 30.03-31.79) for women. The calculated reference interval for males was 21.39-37.72 µmol/L and 19.87-39.67 µmol/L for females. The mean concentration of zinc in the blood of males was 11.00 µmol/L (95% CI 10.69-11.31) and that of females was 11.79 µmol/L (95% CI 11.39-12.19). The reference interval for blood zinc was 8.20-14.92 µmol/L in men and 8.52-16.67 µmol/L in women. The mean level of blood copper was 15.28 µmol/L (95% CI 14.64-15.89) for men and 18.08 µmol/L (95% CI 17.30-18.86) for women. The calculated reference interval for copper in males was 9.72-22.34 µmol/L and that in females was 11.18-27.27 µmol/L.@*Conclusion@#The reference values for zinc, copper and iron of Mongolian adults do not differ significantly from those observed in other countries. The calculated reference intervals can be used for evaluation of the nutrition status and making clinical decisions.

Determination of salivary cortisol reference interval in a selected Malaysian population

@#Introduction: Salivary cortisol is used as an indicator of stress level and a recommended screening test for Cushing syndrome. The normal reference interval for salivary cortisol is dependent on the analytical methodology and the population studied and hence, establishment of a local population-based reference interval is recommended. Materials and methods: A total of 129 healthy blood donors and staffs of Penang General Hospital were recruited from June 2018-May 2019. Paired (morning and late-night) saliva samples were collected from individuals aged between 18 and 60 years old with no history of chronic medical illness. Salivary cortisol was assayed using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay technique. Non-parametric statistics were used for calculation of reference interval and 90% confidence intervals (90% CIs). Results: The reference interval for morning and latenight salivary cortisol was 2.09 – 22.63 nmol/L and <12.00 nmol/L, respectively. Conclusion: The locally-derived adult reference intervals for morning and late-night salivary cortisol concentration was determined and varied with previous studies emphasising the need in establishing individual laboratory reference interval.

Intervalo de referencia de testosterona en hombres adultos jóvenes del municipio Plaza de la Revolución / Testosterone´s reference interval in young adult men from Plaza de la Revolución municipality

RESUMEN Introducción: El hipogonadismo masculino puede provocar una reducción importante de la calidad de vida. La determinación de testosterona total constituye la opción inicial para el diagnóstico bioquímico del hipogonadismo. Objetivo: Determinar el intervalo de referencia de testosterona total para la población masculina en edad reproductiva del municipio Plaza de la Revolución. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal y descriptivo, en una muestra representativa (n= 143) de la población masculina entre 20 y 40 años de edad, del municipio Plaza de la Revolución. Para el reclutamiento de la muestra se utilizó un método directo. El intervalo de referencia se estableció mediante un método no paramétrico. Se realizó interrogatorio, examen físico, complementarios bioquímicos (glucemia, colesterol, triglicéridos, HDL-c, LDL-c), y hormonales (testosterona total, PRL, FSH y LH). Resultados: El promedio de edad fue de 29,7 años. El índice de masa corporal osciló entre 18,95 y 29,88 kg/m2 (valor medio 24,15). Las medias de las circunferencias de cintura y cadera fueron de 86,62 cm y 99,77 cm respectivamente. El intervalo de referencia de testosterona total calculado para la población masculina del municipio Plaza de la Revolución, fue de 7,69 a 40,52 nmol/L. La mediana para la testosterona total fue de 19,10 nmol/L. Conclusiones: El intervalo de referencia de testosterona total calculado para la población masculina adulta (20 - 40 años) del municipio Plaza de la Revolución difiere del reportado por el fabricante del kit diagnóstico y puede resultar de utilidad en la práctica clínica(AU)

ABSTRACT Introduction: Male hypogonadism may cause a significant reduction in the quality of life. The determination of total testosterone constitutes the initial option for the biochemical diagnosis of hypogonadism. Objective: To determine the reference interval of total testosterone for the male population in reproductive age of Plaza de la Revolución municipality. Methods: It was conducted a cross-sectional and descriptive study in a representative sample (n=143) of the male population from 20 to 40 years old of Plaza de la Revolución municipality. For the recruitment of the sample it was used a direct method. The reference interval was established through a non-parametric method. There were conducted interrogations, physical examination, complementary biochemical (blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-c, LDL-c), and hormonal tests (total testosterone, PRL, FSH and LH). Results: The average age was 29.7 years. The body mass index ranged between 18.95 and 29.88 kg/m2 (mean value of 24.15). The means of the waist and hip circumferences were 86.62 and 99.77 cm, respectively. The reference interval of total testosterone calculated for the male population of Plaza de la Revolución municipality was of 7.69 to 40.52 nmol/L. The mean for total testosterone was 19.10 nmol/L. Conclusions: The reference interval of total testosterone calculated for the adult male population (20 - 40 years old) of Plaza de la Revolución municipality differs from that reported by the manufacturer of the diagnostic kit and it can be useful in clinical practice(AU)

Determinación de intervalos biológicos de referencia para adultos en el equipo hematológico BC-5000 de la Escuela de Microbiología de la Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 2017 / Determination of reference biological intervals in a hematology analyzer BC-5000 of the Microbiology School of the University of Antioquia, Medellin 2017

RESUMEN Introducción: los valores del hemograma en adultos pueden variar de acuerdo con factores como el origen étnico, la edad, el sexo y la altura sobre el nivel del mar, por lo cual es indispensable conocer intervalos biológicos asociados a nuestra población. Por esto el objetivo de nuestro estudio fue determinar intervalos biológicos de referencia (IBR) para adultos en un equipo hematológico BC-5000. Metodología: estudio descriptivo transversal con 111 donantes entre 18 y 62 años de un banco de sangre de Medellín. Se realizó un hemograma, proteína C reactiva y ferritina. Se calcularon los IBR siguiendo las recomendaciones de la Federación Internacional de Química Clínica. La comparación de los IBR según sexo se realizó con la prueba T-student. Resultados: los IBR calculados mediante la fórmula X ± (DS * 1,96) mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre hombres y mujeres para el recuento de la mayoría de los parámetros. Se obtuvieron medias estadísticas mayores en mujeres para el recuento de leucocitos y plaquetas, recuentos absolutos y relativos de algunas células blancas, volumen plaquetario medio (VPM) y plaquetocrito (PCT). Discusión: la presencia de andrógenos en el sexo masculino, inductores del sistema eritropoyético, así como los estrógenos y el período menstrual, supresores del mismo, pueden explicar los valores menores en el recuento eritrocitario, en los rangos de hemoglobina, hematocrito y glóbulos rojos en las mujeres. Las altas cargas de estrógenos e interleucinas 6 y 10 en las mujeres amplían la vida media de células como linfocitos, explicando la diferencia en el recuento leucocitario a expensas de linfocitos encontrados en el presente estudio.

SUMMARY Introduction: The adult hemogram values can vary according factors such as ethnic origin, age, sex and level above the sea, whereby it is essential to know the biological intervals associated to our own population. Therefore, the objective of our study was to determine biological reference intervals (BRI) for adults with the hematological equipment BC-5000. Methods: This is a transversal descriptive study with 111 blood bank donors from Medellín, between 18 62 years old. Hemogram, Creactive protein and ferritin were done. The BRI were calculated according to the recommendations of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC), with the formula X ± (DS * 1, 96). BRI comparison according sex was carried out with the t-student test. Results: Calculated BRI by X ± (DS * 1, 96) formula, showed statistically significant differences (P < 0, 05) between men and women for count in most of the parameters. Higher statistical means were obtain in women for the count of leukocytes and platelets, absolute counts of some white cells, VPN y PCT. Discussion: The presence of androgens in the male sex, inductors of the erythropoiesis system, as well as the estrogens and menstrual period, suppressor of this system, can explain the lower values in the female erythrocyte count, the hemoglobin, hematocrit and red cell lower ranges. The high estrogen and interleukins 6 and 1 loads in women, drive the extended half-life of some cells like lymphocytes, that can explain the difference in leucocyte count found in the present study.

Distribution of serum creatinine and establishment of reference interval in healthy adults of Lianyungang, Jiangsu province / 中国基层医药

Objective@#To preliminarily establish the reference interval for serum creatinine in healthy adults aged 20-79 years in city of Lianyungang.@*Methods@#A total of 34 577 cases of reference individuals were selected from physical examination population by using the principle of complete randomization, and the concentration of serum creatinine was detected by AU5821 automatic biochemical analyzer with its matching reagents.According to the standards of CLSI C28-A3 and WS/T 402-2012 " Clinical Laboratory Test Project Reference Interval Formulation" , the reference interval of serum creatinine was established.@*Results@#There was statistically significant difference of serum creatinine in gender and age between healthy adults in this area (male group: 78[72-84]μmol/L, female group: 61[56-66]μmol/L; aged 20-59 of male group: 78[72-84]μmol/L, aged 60-79 of male group: 77[70-85]μmol/L; aged 20-59 of female group: 60[56-65]μmol/L, aged 60-79 of female group: 63[58-69]μmol/L) (Z=120.93, Z=31.53, Z=28.45; all P<0.05). Therefore, the reference interval of serum creatinine was established based on gender and age, and its reference interval was 61-97μmol/L (aged 20-59 of male), 60-106μmol/L (aged 60-79 of male), 47-76μmol/L (aged 20-59 of female) and 49-86μmol/L (aged 60-79 of female), respectively.@*Conclusion@#Establishment of reference interval in serum creatinine plays an important role in the auxiliary diagnosis, progression and prognosis evaluation of various kidney diseases.

Comparison of two chemiluminescence systems used in the measurement of plasma aldosterone and renin concentrations / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective To compare the imported (Diasorin,Italy) and domestic (Mindray,Shenzhen) chemiluminescent systems used in the measurement of plasma aldosterone and renin concentrations;To establish the reference interval of plasma aldosterone and renin concentrations in healthy adults.Methods With the assay instrument and its kits from Italy Diasorin as the reference system,the concentrations of plasma aldosterone and renin were measured by the two systems,in 143 healthy adults,72 patients with hypertension (16 patients with primary aldosteronism) and to establish the medical reference range (P2.5-P97.5) of them.Results The plasma aldosterone (r=0.914,P＜0.01) and renin(r=0.977,P＜0.01)concentrations detected by the two systems were positively correlated.Distribution of plasma aldosterone and renin was skewed in healthy adults.The reference interval was 30.8-344.6 pg/ml for aldosterone and 2.4-90.0 μIU/ml for renin by the imported chemiluminescent system.The reference interval was 29.4-473.3 pg/ml for aldosterone and 3.6-98.3 μIU/ml for renin by the domestic chemiluminescent detection system.Conclusion The two systems are closely correlated in measuring plasma aldosterone and renin concentrations.

Reference interval establishment of full blood count extended research parameters in the multi-ethnic population of Malaysia

@#Haematological cellular structures may be elucidated using automated full blood count (FBC) analysers such as Unicel DxH 800 via cell population data (CPD) analysis. The CPD values are generated by calculating volume, conductivity, and five types of scatter angles of individual cells which would form clusters or populations. This study considered 126 CPD parameter values of 1077 healthy Malaysian adults to develop reference intervals for each CPD parameter. The utility of the CPD reference interval established may range from understanding the normal haematological cellular structures to analysis of distinct cellular features related to the development of haematological disorders and malignancies.